1、氧化鐵法

1. Iron oxide method

　　氧化鐵法是一種古老的干式脫硫法，早先用于城市煤氣凈化，后經(jīng)過不斷改進(jìn)，該法的應(yīng)用范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，目前氧化鐵法脫硫已從常溫?cái)U(kuò)大到中溫和高溫領(lǐng)域。早前使用的氧化鐵脫硫劑為沼鐵礦和人工氧化鐵，,為增加其孔隙率，脫硫劑以木屑為填充料，再噴灑適量的水和少量熟石灰，反復(fù)翻曬制成，其pH值一般為8-9，該種脫硫劑脫硫效率較低，必須塔外再生，再生困難，不久便被其他脫硫劑所取代。現(xiàn)在新型的脫硫劑應(yīng)用較廣，脫硫劑脫硫效率較髙，并可以進(jìn)行塔內(nèi)再生。

The iron oxide method is an ancient dry desulfurization method, which was originally used for urban gas purification. After continuous improvement, the application scope of this method continues to expand. Currently, the iron oxide method for desulfurization has expanded from room temperature to medium to high temperature fields. The iron oxide desulfurizers used earlier were biogas iron ore and artificial iron oxide. In order to increase their porosity, the desulfurizer was filled with wood chips, sprayed with an appropriate amount of water and a small amount of hydrated lime, and repeatedly sun dried. Its pH value was generally 8-9. This type of desulfurizer has a low desulfurization efficiency and must be regenerated outside the tower, making regeneration difficult. It was soon replaced by other desulfurizers. Nowadays, new desulfurizers are widely used, with high desulfurization efficiency and the ability to perform tower regeneration.

　　2、氧化鋅法

2. Zinc oxide method

　　氧化鋅脫硫以其脫硫精度高、使用便捷、穩(wěn)妥可靠、硫容量高等特點(diǎn)，廣泛地應(yīng)用于合成氨、制氫、煤化工、石油精制、飲料生產(chǎn)等行業(yè)，以脫除天然氣、石油餾分、油田氣、煉廠氣、合成氣（CO+H2）、二氧化碳等原料中的硫化氫及某些有機(jī)硫化物。

Zinc oxide desulfurization is widely used in industries such as synthetic ammonia, hydrogen production, coal chemical industry, petroleum refining, and beverage production due to its high desulfurization accuracy, convenient use, reliability, and high sulfur capacity. It is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and certain organic sulfides from natural gas, petroleum fractions, oilfield gas, refinery gas, synthetic gas (CO+H2), carbon dioxide, and other raw materials.

　　3、活性碳吸附法

3. Activated carbon adsorption method

　　活性炭吸附法煙氣脫硫是利用活性炭的吸附性能吸附凈化煙氣中二氧化硫的方法。當(dāng)煙氣中有氮和水蒸氣存在時(shí)，用活性炭吸附二氧化硫不僅有物理吸附，而且還存在著化學(xué)吸附。由于活性表面具有催化作用，使煙氣中的二氧化硫在活性炭的吸附表面上被氧氣氧化為三氧化硫，飽和后的活性碳可通過水洗或加熱再生，再與水反應(yīng)生成硫酸，同時(shí)生成稀硫酸或高濃度二氧化硫。可獲得副產(chǎn)品硫酸，液態(tài)二氧化硫和單質(zhì)硫，即可以有效地控制SO2的排放，又可以回收硫資源。

Activated carbon adsorption method for flue gas desulfurization is a method of using the adsorption performance of activated carbon to adsorb and purify sulfur dioxide in flue gas. When nitrogen and water vapor are present in the flue gas, using activated carbon to adsorb sulfur dioxide not only has physical adsorption, but also chemical adsorption. Due to the catalytic effect of the active surface, sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is oxidized to sulfur trioxide by oxygen on the adsorption surface of the activated carbon. The saturated activated carbon can be regenerated by water washing or heating, and then react with water to generate sulfuric acid, while generating dilute sulfuric acid or high concentration sulfur dioxide. It can obtain by-products such as sulfuric acid, liquid sulfur dioxide, and elemental sulfur, which can effectively control SO2 emissions and recover sulfur resources.

　　4、噴霧干燥法

4. Spray drying

　　噴霧干燥法脫硫工藝以石灰為脫硫吸收劑，石灰經(jīng)消化并加水制成消石灰乳，消石灰乳由泵打入位于吸收塔內(nèi)的霧化裝置，在吸收塔內(nèi)，被霧化成細(xì)小液滴的吸收劑與煙氣混合接觸，與煙氣中的二氧化硫發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)生成亞硫酸鈣，煙氣中的二氧化硫被脫除。與此同時(shí)，吸收劑帶入的水分迅速被蒸發(fā)而干燥，煙氣溫度隨之降低。脫硫反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物及未被利用的吸收劑以干燥的顆粒物形式隨煙氣帶出吸收塔，進(jìn)入除塵器被收集下來。脫硫后的煙氣經(jīng)除塵器除塵后排放。該工藝有兩種不同的霧化形式可供選擇，一種為旋轉(zhuǎn)噴霧輪霧化，另一種為氣液兩相流。噴霧干燥法脫硫工藝具有技術(shù)成熟、工藝流程較為簡(jiǎn)單、系統(tǒng)可靠性高等特點(diǎn)，脫硫率可達(dá)到85%以上。

In the spray drying desulfurization process, lime is used as the desulfurization absorbent. Lime is digested and added with water to make hydrated lime milk. The hydrated lime milk is pumped into the atomization device in the absorption tower. In the absorption tower, the absorbent atomized into small droplets is mixed with the flue gas, and chemically reacts with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to generate calcium sulfite. The sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is removed. At the same time, the moisture brought in by the absorbent is quickly evaporated and dried, and the temperature of the flue gas decreases accordingly. The desulfurization reaction products and unused absorbent are carried out of the absorption tower in the form of dry particles along with the flue gas, and are collected in the dust collector. The flue gas after desulfurization is discharged after being dust removed by a dust collector. This process has two different atomization forms to choose from, one is rotating spray wheel atomization, the other is gas-liquid two-phase flow. The spray drying desulfurization process is characterized by mature technology, simple process flow, high system reliability, and the desulfurization rate can reach more than 85%.

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